Sickle Cell Anemia--What You Should Know

September is Sickle Cell Anemia Awareness Month

Take a few minutes to learn more about this condition that affects so many Americans.

(information courtesy of Mayo Clinic website)

Sickle cell anemia is an inherited form of anemia — a condition in which there aren't enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen throughout your body. Normally, your red blood cells are flexible and round, moving easily through your blood vessels. In sickle cell anemia, the red blood cells become rigid, sticky and are shaped like sickles or crescent moons. These irregularly shaped cells can get stuck in small blood vessels, which can slow or block blood flow and oxygen to parts of the body.

Sickle cell anemia is caused by a mutation in the gene that tells your body to make hemoglobin — the red, iron-rich compound that gives blood its red color. Hemoglobin is a component of every red blood cell. It allows red blood cells to carry oxygen from your lungs to all parts of your body, and to carry carbon dioxide waste from throughout your body to your lungs so that it can be exhaled. Under normal circumstances, your body makes healthy hemoglobin known as hemoglobin A. People with sickle cell anemia make hemoglobin S — the S stands for sickle.
The sickle cell gene is passed from generation to generation in a pattern of inheritance called autosomal recessive inheritance. This means that both the mother and the father must pass on the defective form of the gene for a child to be affected.

People with sickle cell trait have one normal hemoglobin gene and one defective form of the gene. So their bodies make both normal hemoglobin and sickle cell hemoglobin. Their blood may contain some sickle cells, but they generally don't experience symptoms. However, they are carriers of the disease, which means they can pass the defective gene on to their children.
The risk of inheriting sickle cell anemia comes down to genetics. For a baby to be born with sickle cell anemia, both parents must carry a sickle cell gene. The gene is particularly common among people with African, Spanish, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern and Indian ancestry. In the United States, it most commonly affects blacks and Hispanics. 1 in 12 African Americans, and 1 in 16 Hispanic carry the sickle cell trait.

Taking steps to stay healthy is critical for anyone with sickle cell anemia. Eating well, getting adequate rest and protecting yourself from infections are good ways to maintain your health and prevent crises. Infants and children with sickle cell disease need to receive regular childhood vaccinations. Children and adults with sickle cell anemia also should have a yearly flu shot and be immunized against pneumonia.

If you or your child has sickle cell anemia, follow these suggestions to help stay healthy:
§ Take folic acid supplements daily, and eat a balanced diet. Bone marrow needs folic acid and other vitamins to make new red blood cells.
§ Drink plenty of water. Staying hydrated helps keep your blood diluted, which reduces the chance that sickle cells will form.
§ Avoid temperature extremes. Exposure to extreme heat or cold can trigger the formation of sickle cells.
§ Reduce stress. A sickle crisis can occur as a result of stress.
§ Exercise regularly, but don't overdo it. Talk with your doctor about how much exercise is right for you.
§ Use over-the-counter medications with caution. Some medications, such as the decongestant pseudoephedrine, can constrict your blood vessels and make it harder for the sickle cells to move through freely.
§ Fly on airplanes with pressurized cabins. Unpressurized aircraft cabins may not provide enough oxygen. Low oxygen levels can trigger a sickle crisis. Additionally, be sure to drink extra water when traveling by air, as pressurized cabins can be dehydrating.
§ Avoid high-altitude areas. Traveling to a high-altitude area may also trigger a crisis because of lower oxygen levels

For more information, check out these organizations:

Sickle Cell Disease Association of America

Sickle Cell Information Center

National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute

National Anemia Action Council

Ovarian Cancer--Know the Signs

SEPTEMBER MARKS OVARIAN CANCER AWARENESS MONTH

September is designated Ovarian Cancer Awareness Month by the President of the United States, and the National Ovarian Cancer Coalition (NOCC) is helping to increase awareness of the disease through national awareness campaigns.

The mission of the National Ovarian Cancer Coalition is to raise awareness and increase education about ovarian cancer. Since there is no early detection test, recognizing the symptoms of the disease is imperative. More than 20,000 women are diagnosed with ovarian cancer each year, and approximately 15,000 women die from the disease. Unfortunately, most cases are diagnosed in their later stages when the prognosis is poor. However, if diagnosed and treated early, when the cancer is confined to the ovary, the five-year survival rate is over 90 percent. That is why it is imperative that the early signs and symptoms of the disease are recognized, not only by women, but also by their families and the medical community.

Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer is difficult to detect, especially, in the early stages. This is partly due to the fact that these two small, almond shaped organs are deep within the abdominal cavity, one on each side of the uterus. These are some of the potential signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer:
Bloating
Pelvic or abdominal pain
Trouble eating or feeling full quickly
Feeling the need to urinate urgently or often

Other symptoms of ovarian cancer can include:
Fatigue
Upset stomach or heartburn
Back pain
Pain during sex
Constipation
Menstrual changes

If symptoms persist for more than 2 weeks, consult your physician.

Persistence of Symptoms
When the symptoms are persistent, when they do not resolve with normal interventions (like diet change, exercise, laxatives, rest) it is imperative for a woman to see her doctor. Persistence of symptoms is key. Because these signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer have been described as vague or silent, only around 19% of ovarian cancer is found in the early stages. Symptoms typically occur in advanced stages when tumor growth creates pressure on the bladder and rectum, and fluid begins to form.

If you do not have a primary care physician, or a gynecologist, please contact the Student Wellness Center and let us help by making referrals to free or low-cost women's health providers in the community.

Fitness Classes Start Today!

Stop by the Student Wellness Center for a new gym sticker.

Physical Activity Linked to Better Academic Performance

City Tech's Everyday Fitness program is gearing up for a great Fall 09 semester. Classes start September 1st! Stay tuned for class schedules and more details.

Check out this breaking news on new research linking physical activity to better grades:

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New Report from the Health Department and the Department of Education Finds Physical Fitness Is Associated with Higher Academic Achievement among New York City Public School StudentsNearly 40% of New York City students are overweight or obese

July 13, 2009 – Physically fit students tend to outscore their peers who are less-fit on academic tests, according to a new report from New York City’s Health Department and Department of Education (DOE). The observation comes from an analysis of data from NYC FITNESSGRAM, the comprehensive fitness assessment that New York City public school students participate in each year as part of their physical education instruction. The analysis also shows that childhood obesity remains prevalent in New York City – a finding that underscores the urgent need to ensure that school-age children receive nutritious meals, high-quality physical education, and ample opportunities for physical activity.

Fitness has been proven to promote a longer, healthier life. Although these new findings do not demonstrate a direct cause-and-effect relationship, they do show a strong association between fitness and academic success. During the 2007-2008 school year, students who scored in the top 5% on their NYC FITNESSGRAM assessments outscored the bottom 5% by an average of 36 percentile points on standardized academic tests.
The new report also examines childhood obesity in New York City. The findings suggest that 21% of kindergarten through eighth grade students are obese, and an additional 18% of the City’s students are overweight.

The full report is available at www.nyc.gov/html/doh/downloads/pdf/survey/survey-2009fitnessgram.pdf.

“The clear associations between fitness and academic achievement highlighted in the report underline the importance of educating the whole child,” said Santiago Taveras, Deputy Chancellor I.A. of the DOE’s Office of Teaching and Learning.

“Under Mayor Bloomberg, the Health Department and the Department of Education have formed a unique partnership to address critical issues in the areas of public health and public education,” said Dr. Roger Platt, director of the Office of School Health, which is jointly run by the two agencies. “This dual-agency collaboration is a model for how a comprehensive approach to student wellness can help support both student health and academic achievement.”
“Our students need high-quality fitness and health education in order to succeed in school and in life,” said Lori Rose Benson, director of Department of Education’s Office of Fitness and Health Education. “The results of this study reinforce the importance of the work that teachers and administrators throughout the city do on a daily basis to provide all children with the opportunities and knowledge to improve their health and fitness.”

NYC FITNESSGRAM is the citywide fitness assessment that is part of physical education. It measures aerobic capacity, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and body composition. Students and parents receive annual individual reports that explain the significance of each measure and provide suggestions to help students reach and maintain lifelong health-related fitness.

H1N1 flu information for student parents

The Department of Education has provided a list of current New York City public school closings and re-openings as well as a attendance data for all the public schools in the five boroughs. Click here for detailed information.

If your child attends a private or parochial school, please contact the school directly for specific information or to answer any questions.

Now is a terrific time to instill in your child the life-long habit of frequent and thorough handwashing. Click here for a downloadable poster that teaches handwashing to children. (And remember to wash your own hands as well).

Stay safe and healthy.

Swine Flu Update

As New York City College of Technology continues to monitor available information regarding H1N1—also known as swine flu--we wanted to provide you with an update of the most recent developments to help you make informed decisions about your health.

Recently, ten public schools in Queens and one in Brooklyn were closed for five days after the Department of Health documented unusually high and increasing levels of influenza-like illnesses amidst the student body and staff. Also, tragically, New York has documented its first fatality due to H1N1.

At this time, New York City College of Technology has received no reports of any documented cases of H1N1 from students, faculty, or staff. If you receive a diagnosis of H1N1, please alert Holly Burmeister, Director of the Student Wellness Center, as soon as possible. She can be reached at (718) 260-5914.

Symptoms of H1N1 include fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue. Some people have reported diarrhea and vomiting as well. Any New Yorker experiencing severe symptoms, such as difficulty breathing, should seek health care and treatment.

If you are already on campus and are experiencing any of the symptoms listed above, please come to the Student Wellness Center for assessment. We are located in Pearl 104 and are open Monday through Thursday, 9am-5pm. If you are at home and experiencing any of the symptoms listed above, do not come to campus. Stay home until symptoms subside for at least 24 hrs.

The Health Department advises any New Yorker who has flu symptoms and also has an underlying health condition such as asthma, pregnancy, emphysema or other lung disease or diabetes; a compromised immune system or cancer; to seek medical treatment. In addition, if an individual with such a medical condition has household or other close contact with someone with influenza, they should see their doctor to determine whether preventive medicine is needed. For students, staff, and household members of affected students and staff at schools which have been closed, those who have an underlying medical condition as stated above should also see their doctors to discuss the need for preventive medicine.

All New Yorkers should continue to follow the precautions listed below:
• Always cover your mouth when you cough or sneeze with a tissue, or cough into shoulder or sleeve. Do not cough or sneeze into bare hands. Promptly throw tissue in trash.
• Wash your hands often with soap and water or alcohol-based cleaners, especially after you cough or sneeze.
• Try to avoid close contact with sick people.
• If you experience any of the symptoms listed above, stay home from work or school until at least 24 hrs. after symptoms subside and limit contact with others to avoid infecting them.

In the rare instance that someone in your home becomes ill with H1N1, the CDC has issued guidelines to help you stay well, care for your loved one, and avoid further transmission of the virus. You may find this information at the following website: http://www.cdc.gov/swineflu/guidance_homecare.htm

Remain calm, stay alert to new information, and follow the common sense precautions detailed here and advised by the New York City Department of Health and the CDC.

For facts about influenza, and more information about H1N1, please visit the Department of Health and CDC websites. Some specific resources:

Facts about H1N1 and school closing updates

http://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/html/home/home.shtml

General information about H1N1

http://www.cdc.gov/swineflu/general_info.htm


New York State Department of Health has set up a 24-hour hotline to answer questions about H1N1: 800-808-1987.

The Student Wellness Center is available to answer questions about H1N1 and any other health-related matters. The Center can be reached at (718) 260-5910 and is located in Pearl 104. We will post further information as it becomes available.
Please continue to check the City Tech website for updated information.

Take Care--
Student Wellness Center

May is Bike Month!

Transportation Alternatives, a not-for-profit advocacy group that promotes bicycling, walking, and alternative transportation, offers the following information to help you safely and legally navigate the New York City on two wheels:

Rules of the Road

What’s the Law?So what exactly are the rules of the road for cyclists? In abbreviated form below are the basic laws that cyclists are obliged to obey. Cyclists must also follow all traffic signals and signs. This information is compiled from the N.Y.C. Traffic Rules (NYC) and from the N.Y. State Vehicle and Traffic Law (NYS). For folks who want to read further, copies of the Vehicle and Traffic Law are available to the public at the Dept. of Motor Vehicles for $1.
Rights and ResponsibilitiesYou must obey traffic laws. Every bicyclist and in-line skater has the same rights and is subject to the same duties as a driver of a vehicle, with certain exceptions. (NYS 1231)

Where to Ride
Ride in the bike lane if provided, except for safety, turns, etc. (NYC 4-12, p)
On a wide one-way roadway, ride on either side. (NYC 4-12, p)
Ride on the right side of the roadway, with above exceptions. (NYS 1234)
Where Not to Ride
Don’t ride on the sidewalk unless you are twelve years old or younger. (NYC 4-07, c)
If you ride on the sidewalk, your bike can be confiscated. (NYC Admin Code 19-176)
Don’t ride on expressways, highways, interstates or thruways unless authorized by signs. (NYC 4-12, o)

How to Ride / How Not to Ride
Don’t hitch your bike or cling to any other vehicle on the roadway. (No skitching.) (NYS 1233) Don’t ride more than two abreast. Ride single file when being
passed. (NYS 1234) -->
Use hand and arm signals to indicate turns and stops. (NYS 1237)
If you’re carrying packages, keep at least one hand on handlebar. (NYS 1235)
Don’t ride friends on the handlebars or seat. Carry only the number of persons for which your bike is designed. (NYS 1232)
Ride with your feet on the pedals. (NYS 1232)

Equipment
Don’t wear headphones or a walkman while riding. (NYS 375)
Use a white headlight and red taillight from dusk to dawn. (NYS 1236)
You must have a bell or other audible signal (not a whistle). (NYS 1236)
You must have working brakes. (NYS 1236)
You must have reflectors, reflective tires and/or other reflective devices. (NYS 1236)
Only bicyclists under 14 years old must wear a helmet. (NYS 1238)

In the Student Wellness Center, we advocate that every cyclist, regardless of age, wear a helmet every time they ride their bikes. A properly worn and fitted helmet can prevent catastrophic head and brain injuries, or even death, in the event of an accident. Get in the habit of wearing a helmet every time you get on your bike.

Check out Transportation Alternatives' website for more biking information and Bike Month events. Also check out Ride the City--its a very cool mapping engine for safe bicycle routes in the five boroughs.

Happy and Safe biking!